He wanted to study with classical composer Edgard Varèse, but, before the two could collaborate, Parker’s battle with ulcers and cirrhosis of the liver got the better of him. His best-known compositions include … The association with the Hines Orchestra was a significant one because of the other musicians, who included trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie. Rejecting the diatonic scales common to earlier jazz, Parker improvised melodies and composed themes using chromatic scales. Altogether, Parker’s lyric art was a virtuoso music resulting from a coordination of nerve, muscle, and intellect that pressed human agility and creativity to their limits. Charlie Parker, byname of Charles Parker, Jr., also called Bird or Yardbird, (born August 29, 1920, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.—died March 12, 1955, New York City, New York), American alto saxophonist, composer, and bandleader, a lyric artist generally considered the greatest jazz saxophonist. Composer. Charlie Parker, byname of Charles Parker, Jr., also called Bird or Yardbird, (born August 29, 1920, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.—died March 12, 1955, New York City, New York), American alto saxophonist, composer, and bandleader, a lyric artist generally considered the greatest jazz saxophonist. The new music he was espousing aroused controversy but also attracted a devoted audience. Omissions? With Gillespie and Miles Davis, he recorded songs like "Billie's Bounce" and "Koko" for Savoy Records. Full Episode Celebrating Bird: The Triumph of Charlie Parker. Charlie Parker, during his short life, was instrumental in shaping the future of jazz to an extent that no one had since Louis Armstrong.Although steeped in the jazz tradition, blues, and popular music of his time, he heard things differently and was able to bring this music to life because of his extraordinary technical facility and his brilliance as an improviser. "Confirmation" is a bebop standard composed by saxophonist Charlie Parker in 1945. The most significant of his early stylistic influences were tenor saxophone innovator Lester Young and the advanced swing-era alto saxophonist Buster Smith, in whose band Parker played in 1937. His brilliant, innovative technique—speed of execution, full sound in all registers, and precision during very fast tempos—was widely imitated. Charlie Parker (1920–1955), or Bird, a jazz saxophonist; Bird (band) Bird (singer) (Yuki Kitayama, born 1975), a Japanese singer; Thongchai McIntyre (born 1958), or Bird, Thai singer; Yuan Zhang (born 1985), or Bird, of Top Combine; Albums Parker recorded his first solos as a member of Jay McShann’s band, with whom he toured the eastern United States in 1940–42. The baroness got him to rest at her place for a few days.On March 12, 1955, the baroness found Charlie Parker dead, slumped over in an easy chair in front of the TV set in her apartment. Yet for all the tumultuous feelings in his solos, he created flowing melodic lines. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Official Sites, His instrumental recording, "Barbados" (featuring. Charlie Parker Biography Charlie Parker (August 29, 1920 - March 12, 1955) was a jazz saxophonist and composer, and one of the top musical innovators of the 20th century. Yhtyeen hajoamisen jälkeen Charlie alkoi tehdä konsertteja ja levytyksiä jousiorkesterin kanssa. The recordings Parker made for the Savoy and Dial labels in 1945–48 (including the “Koko” session, “Relaxin’ at Camarillo,” “Night in Tunisia,” “Embraceable You,” “Donna Lee,” “Ornithology,” and “Parker’s Mood”) document his greatest period. Saxophonist #8. The doctor recommended hospitalization, but the stubborn Charlie refused to consider it. One of his most influential innovations was the establishment of eighth notes as the basic units of his phrases. He was not quite 35 years of age. An autopsy revealed such damage to the inside of his body that the doctor who performed the autopsy thought Charlie was a man at least 50 years old. Charlie Parker Fans Also Viewed . Virgos. The band was widely heard on radio across the country, so Charlie's saxophone playing became well known, even though people didn't know his name, so he became known as the Yardbird, or just The Bird. Often he played phrases that implied added harmonies or created passages that were only distantly related to his songs’ harmonic foundations (chord changes). A Broadway nightclub, Birdland, was named after him, and he performed there on opening night in late 1949; Birdland became the most famous of 1950s jazz clubs. Charlie Parker, known to jazz lovers as Yardbird or simply Bird, was an American jazz saxophonist and composer, born in Kansas City to a musician father and a charwoman mother. His two-year-old daughter died; his fourth marriage fell apart. Label: United Audio Entertainment - TJB 55102 • Series: The Jazz Biography • Format: CD Compilation • Country: Europe • Genre: Jazz • Style: Bop, Hard Bop Charlie Parker - The Jazz Biography (2004, CD) | Discogs Even Birdland, where he had played regularly, eventually fired him. News of Mr. … Barry Ulanov And His All Star Metronome Jazzmen, Barry Ulanov's All Star Modern Jazz Musicians, Charlie Parker And His Orchestra, Charlie Parker And His Swedish All Stars, Charlie Parker Big Band, Charlie Parker Jazzmen, Charlie Parker With Strings, Charlie Parker With Unknown Afro-Cuban Band, Charlie Parker-Howard McGhee Quintet, Charlie Parker's Jazzers, Charlie Parker's New Stars, Charlie … I came alive. Charlie is part Danish, English, Irish, Native American (Shawnee Tribe), and related to both; the Viking 'Erik the Red' and Robert Leroy Parker, better known as 'Butch Cassidy'. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. His difficult life was the subject of Bird (1988), a film directed by Clint Eastwood. Parker grew up in Kansas City, Missouri, during the great years of Kansas City jazz and began playing alto saxophone when he was 13. Born in Kansas City, KS #11. He described this moment of revelation in Hear Me Talkin’ to Ya (1955), edited by Nat Hentoff and Nat Shapiro: I’d been getting bored with the stereotyped changes (harmonies) that were being used all the time.…I found that by using the higher intervals of a chord as a melody line and backing them with appropriately related changes I could play the thing I’d been hearing. He attended Lincoln High Schoolin September 1934, but withdrew in December 1935, just before joining the local musicians' union and choosing to pursue his musical career full-time. While still in Kansas City, Charlie reached a breakthrough: tired of playing solo with the same scales, he discovered that if he used a higher interval of the chords from a popular song or melody line, with a pianist or guitarist adding the appropriate new chords, he finally could play the sound he always had been hearing in his head. Alarmed by his obvious ill health, she had her personal doctor examine him, which revealed that he had stomach ulcers and many other health problems, the result of his years of drinking and drug use. Essentially turning the melody line inside out, he began experimenting with this new style, which became known as "bebop".Charlie played with McShann in New York City until 1942, when he left for brief stints with the bands of pianist Earl 'Fatha' Hines and singer Billy Eckstine. He had become the model for a generation of young saxophonists. Charlie Parker Jr. was born in Kansas City, Kansas at 852 Freeman Avenue, and raised in Kansas City, Missouri near Westport and later – in high school – near 15th and Olive Street. During this time, Charlie was befriended by a wealthy European baroness who was living in New York, loved his jazz music and helped him out when he needed it. He performed regularly in New York City and on tours to major U.S. cities and abroad, played in a Gillespie concert at Carnegie Hall (1947), recorded with Machito’s Afro-Cuban band (1949–50), and toured with the popular Jazz at the Philharmonic troupe (1949). The next year Parker made a series of classic recordings with Red Norvo, with Gillespie’s quintet (“Salt Peanuts” and “Shaw Nuff”), and for his own first solo recording session (“Billie’s Bounce,” “Now’s the Time,” and “Koko”). Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. By the early 1950s, however, he had again begun to suffer from the cumulative effects of his excesses; while hospitalized for treatment of an ulcer, he was informed that he would die if he resumed drinking. Charlie Parker was a legendary Grammy Award–winning jazz saxophonist who, with Dizzy Gillespie, invented the musical style called bop or bebop. Bird Lives! While visiting his friend Baroness Nica de Koenigswarter, he was persuaded to remain at her home because of his illness, and there, a week after his last engagement, he died of a heart attack. The Charlie Parker Biography introduces us to a tragic genius who changed music theory FOREVER! |  Aware of the effects of drug use, he chastised younger sax players who emulated his heroin use.By the early 1950s Charlie's drinking and drug use made him gray and prematurely lined. Charlie Parker Popularity . When he was 11 his mother bought him an alto saxophone for his birthday. Nämä olivat aikanaan hyvin suosittuja esityksiä, mutta monien nykyisten jazzharrastajien mielestä ne eivät ole kestäneet aikaa kovinkaan hyvin. He contributed a lot on the development of bebop. Charlie Parker. Not long afterward, he recorded such classic songs as "A Night in Tunisia" and "Yardbird Suite" for another small label, Dial Records. By this time Parker had been addicted to drugs for several years. The harmonies and inflections of the blues, which he played with passion and imagination, reverberated throughout his improvisations. Biography of Charlie Parker on OLDIES.com. His father ran out on the family when Charlie was just a little boy. His father ran out on the family when Charlie was just a little boy. See more @ http://kristalball.com/ By the time he was 15 Charlie was working as a musician in the flourishing Kansas City jazz scene. At slow tempos as well as fast, his were intense improvisations that communicated complex, often subtle emotions. Corrections? It is known as a challenging number due to its long, complex head and rapid chord changes, which feature an extended cycle of fifths (see Bird changes).The harmonic rhythm of "Confirmation" is noted for its speed and intricacy, typical for the bebop era. Charles Baird Parker, son of jazz great Charles Baird Parker, 61, of Lansdale, the sole surviving child of the jazz saxophone great Charlie "Bird" Parker, died Sunday, March 23, at Lansdale Hospital of kidney, liver, and respiratory failure. First Name Charlie. Charlie Parker's legend grew even larger after his death. Born in 1920 #15. His alto tone was hard and ideally expressive, with a crying edge to his highest tones and little vibrato. He was banned from playing in New York City nightclubs for 15 months. Interested in music from a young age, he started playing baritone horn while still in his junior class. His self-abuse began to infringe on his musical ability. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. If Parker’s life was chaotic in the 1950s, he nonetheless retained his creative edge. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Charles Parker Junior, popularly known as Charlie Parker, was an American musician who specialised in playing the saxophone and was also an accomplished composer. Charlie Parker ja tuleva muusikko Göran Schultz Gävlessä vuonna 1950. Virgo Saxophonist #1. In early 1955, on his way to a gig in Boston, Charlie stopped by her apartment for a visit. Charles Christopher Parker, 29 August 1920, Kansas City, Kansas, USA, d. 12 March 1955, New York City, New York, USA. Fans scrawled "Bird Lives!" A jazz trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie played with Charlie Parker and developed the music known as "bebop." Mini Bio (1) Charles Christopher Parker Jr. was born on August 29, 1920, in a suburb of Kansas City, Missouri, to Charles Parker Sr. and his 18-year-old wife Addie. At 14 he quit school and began performing with youth bands, and at 16 he was married—the first of his four marriages. |  His work with these labels has been chronicled in box sets. He missed engagements and failed to pay his accompanying musicians, and his unreliability led his booking agency to stop scheduling performances for him. When he was 11 his mother bought him an alto saxophone for his birthday. Outstanding performances that were recorded at concerts and in nightclubs also attest to his vigorous creativity during this difficult period. His childhood sweethear… Born In 1920. To this day, more than 40 years after his death, Bird remains jazz's single most venerated figure. Parker was the principal stimulus of the modern jazz idiom known as bebop, and—together with Louis Armstrong and Ornette Coleman—he was one of the three great revolutionary geniuses in jazz. Alot of cats would have put a gun to their heads back then, but "Bird" learned to fly! Born in 1920 in Kansas City, Kansas, Charlie Parker grew up just across the river in Kansas City, Missouri. Dizzy Gillespie. The following interviews with drummer Art Blakey, bassist Oscar Pettiford and trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie - three of Bird’s closest, musical associates - were published in … Illinois Jacquet. Matthew Patay, Other Works Image: New York Daily News. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Charles Christopher Parker Jr. was born on August 29, 1920, in a suburb of Kansas City, Missouri, to Charles Parker Sr. and his 18-year-old wife Addie. Biography Charles Christopher "Bird" Parker, Jr (29th August 1920 – 12th March 1955) was a U.S. bebop saxophonist and composer. Parker’s influence upon modern jazz was immense. Who Was Charlie Parker? He made several tours of Cuba, where he began experimenting with large string sections and Afro-Cuban rhythms. Parker primarily recorded for three labels: Savoy, Dial, and Verve. "Mysteries and Scandals" examines the life and tragic death of "Yardbird". He could play remarkably fast lines that, if slowed down to half speed, would reveal that every note made sense. : The High Life And Hard Times Of Charlie (yardbird) Parker Born in Kansas City, KS, Charlie Parker grew up in Kansas City, MO. Chan Richardson Parker, known to many in the jazz world as the last wife of Charlie (Bird) Parker, the be-bop innovator, died on Sept. 9 in a hospital in Etampes, France, southwest of Paris. He was 34 years old. Chasin' the Bird: Charlie Parker in California will be released in September, shortly after the centenary of Bird's birthday on Aug. 29. Charlie Parker Biography; Explore more from this episode More. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. By 1945 Charlie was back in New York and leading his own small groups. Painting runs in the family, his father is an influential American painter in the abstract impressionist movement. Charlie Parker at Carnegie Hall, New York City in 1947 This is a list of recordings by American jazz alto saxophonist Charlie Parker. These recordings came at the end of a period of years when his narcotics and alcohol addictions had a less disruptive effect on his creative life. He twice attempted suicide and again spent time in a mental hospital. The phrases themselves he broke into irregular lengths and shapes and applied asymmetrical accenting. Ross Russell’s 1973 biography of jazz musician, Charlie Parker, is as much a history of 1930s America, as it is post-war America. …recorded performances of alto saxophonist. His famous nickname is Bird or Yardbird. Charlie Parker Is A Member Of . Inducted into the Hall of Famous Missourians, 1994. Perhaps the greatest young talent in jazz history, Parker was an excellent musician living in a dark, cruel world. He was born on 29 August 1920 and died on 12 March 1955. Recording sessions with several quartets and quintets produced such pieces as “Confirmation,” “Chi-Chi,” and “Bloomdido,” easily the equals of his best 1940s sessions. Two years later Parker experienced a personal stylistic breakthrough during a jam session in New York City. From 1935 to 1939, … Bebop grew out of these experiments by Parker, Gillespie, and their adventurous colleagues; the music featured chromatic harmonies and, influenced especially by Parker, small note values and seemingly impulsive rhythms. View agent, publicist, legal and company contact details on IMDbPro, celebrities that passed away and that will be dearly missed and in our hearts forever. Virgo Named Charlie #7. Bird, a film about Charlie "Bird" Parker; Bird, a Russian comedy-drama film; Music Artists. His many followers included Ornette Coleman, John Coltrane, and Albert Ayler—leading figures in the development of free jazz. Most Popular #33743. He got married, but continued to live like a nomad, traveling from place to place and spending almost every other night in a hotel or boarding house. Parker’s most popular records, recorded in 1949–50, featured popular song themes and brief improvisations accompanied by a string orchestra. Jazz giant who changed the face of the entire form, practically inventing modern jazz and shaping the course of 20th century music. After a few years of relative stability, however, Charlie began a downward slide. Inducted into the Big Band and Jazz Hall of Fame in 1979. The impact of Parker’s tone and technique has already been discussed; his concepts of harmony and melody were equally influential. Parker is perhaps most famous for being a jazz saxophonist and regarded as one of the most influential jazz soloists of his time. It was at this time that his childhood nickname “Yardbird” was shortened to “Bird.” His growing friendship with trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie led Parker to develop his new music in avant-garde jam sessions in New York’s Harlem. He also began drinking heavily and using drugs, which were also a part of the KC jazz scene, as were illegal after-hours gambling casinos.Charlie became more experienced by playing with various bands, including those of Lawrence Keyes and Harlan Leonard, before joining Jay McShann's band in 1940. Updates? Parker and Gillespie played in Earl Hines’s swing-oriented band and Billy Eckstine’s more modern band. Following his release after six months, Parker formed his own quintet, which included trumpeter Miles Davis and drummer Max Roach. Biography of Charlie Parker One of a handful of musicians who can be said to have permanently changed jazz, Charlie Parker was arguably the greatest saxophonist of all time. He got hooked back on drugs again (heroin was his favorite), he began nodding out on bandstands, getting into fistfights and pawning his saxophones for drug money. He was the only child of Charles Parker and Adelaide "Addie" Bailey, who was of mixed Choctaw and African American background. Saxophonists. In the late 1940s Charlie toured Europe, where he was received like visiting royalty. From roughly 1950 he abandoned his quintet to perform with a succession of usually small, ad hoc jazz groups; on occasion he performed with Latin American bands, big jazz bands (including Stan Kenton’s and Woody Herman’s), or string ensembles. He first played baritone horn before switching to alto. Charlie Parker, American musician, was one of the most widely influential soloists in jazz history and one of the creators of a new style of playing called bop, or bebop. While working in Los Angeles with Gillespie’s group and others, Parker collapsed in the summer of 1946, suffering from heroin and alcohol addiction, and was confined to a state mental hospital. In 1944 they formed their own small ensemble, the first working bebop group. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charlie-Parker, All About Jazz - Biography of Charlie Parker, Kansapedia - Kansas Historical Society - Biography of Charlie Parker, BlackHistoryNow - Biography of Charlie “Bird” Parker, The State Historical Society of Missuri - Historic Missourians - Biography of Charlie Parker, BlackPast - Biography of Charles Jr.Parker, African American Registry - Louis Armstrong, Black America's gift to the world, Charlie Parker - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). on walls of jazz clubs from New York, to Los Angeles, to Paris, France. He also became a drug addict, and as his addiction increased so did his appetite, and he began putting on weight.Charlie took part in the first bebop recording session in 1945. Facts about Charlie Parker explain the information about the American jazz saxophonist and composer. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Publicity Listings Saxophonist. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Charlie “Bird” Parker died on March 12, 1955. The flourishing Kansas City, Missouri time Parker had been addicted to for... This time Parker had been addicted to drugs for several years he had played regularly eventually. Learned to fly failed to pay his accompanying musicians, and precision very. 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